Magwiridwe Apamwamba a MEMS IMU: The Next Trend in Autonomous Driving

M'madera omwe akutukuka mofulumira a galimoto yodziyendetsa yokha, unit inertial measurement unit (IMU) yakhala chigawo chachikulu komanso mzere wotsiriza wa chitetezo cha malo osungira. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za ubwino wa ma IMU pakuyendetsa galimoto modziyimira pawokha, kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake, komanso msika womwe ukubwera wa ma IMU amphamvu kwambiri a Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).

Kumvetsetsa IMU

An inertial measurement unit (IMU) ndi chipangizo chovuta kwambiri chomwe chimaphatikiza accelerometer, gyroscope, ndipo nthawi zina magnetometer kuyeza mphamvu zenizeni, kuthamanga kwa angular, ndi maginito ozungulira galimoto. Pophatikiza miyeso iyi pakapita nthawi, ma IMU amatha kupereka chidziwitso cholondola chokhudza malo agalimoto, komwe akuchokera komanso liwiro lake. Kutha kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri pamagalimoto odziyimira pawokha, omwe amadalira deta yolondola kuti ayende bwino m'malo ovuta.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukhudza kwa IMU pakuyendetsa pawokha

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa IMU pakuyendetsa pawokha ndikochulukira. Amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera kudalirika komanso kulondola kwa makina oyika, makamaka m'malo omwe ma GPS atha kukhala opanda mphamvu kapena osapezeka, monga m'makwalala am'tawuni kapena ngalande. Zikatero, IMU imagwira ntchito ngati chida champhamvu chosunga zobwezeretsera, kuwonetsetsa kuti galimotoyo ikhoza kupitiliza kugwira ntchito motetezeka komanso moyenera.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma IMU amathandizira kuti pakhale kuphatikizika kwa sensor, komwe deta yochokera ku masensa osiyanasiyana monga lidar, makamera, ndi radar amaphatikizidwa kuti amvetsetse bwino chilengedwe chozungulira galimotoyo. Popereka zenizeni zenizeni zokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka magalimoto, ma IMU amathandizira kulondola kwa ma sensor fusion ma algorithms, potero kuwongolera luso lopanga zisankho ndikuyenda bwino.

Zotsatira za IMU zimapitilira kuyika. Amathandizira kukhazikika kwagalimoto ndi kuwongolera, kupangitsa kuti mathamangitsidwe, mabuleki ndi ngodya kukhala bwino. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pakuyendetsa galimoto, komwe kumakhala kofunikira kuti anthu azikhala otetezeka komanso otetezeka. Ma IMU a MEMS ochita bwino kwambiri, makamaka, amawonjezera chidwi ndikuchepetsa phokoso, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamagalimoto oyenda okha.

Msika wamphamvu wa IMU pakuyendetsa pawokha

Msika wa IMU pakuyendetsa galimoto ukukula kwambiri. Pamene makampani amagalimoto akusintha kupita kumagetsi ndi makina, kufunikira kwaukadaulo wapamwamba wa sensor, kuphatikiza magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.Ma IMU a MEMS, akupitiriza kukula. Malinga ndi malipoti amakampani, msika wapadziko lonse wa ma IMU pamagalimoto ogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto ukuyembekezeka kufika mabiliyoni a madola pazaka zingapo zikubwerazi, motsogozedwa ndi kutchuka kwaukadaulo woyendetsa galimoto.

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti msika ukhale wolimba. Choyamba, kukankhira kwazinthu zotetezedwa zamagalimoto kwapangitsa opanga kuti aziyika ndalama zambiri pamakina apamwamba a sensor. Ma IMU ndi gawo lofunikira la machitidwewa chifukwa amapereka deta yolondola yoyenda. Chachiwiri, kukula kwa chidwi m'mizinda yanzeru ndi magalimoto olumikizidwa ndikupititsa patsogolo kufunikira kwaukadaulo wodalirika woyika. Pamene madera akumatauni akuchulukirachulukira, kufunikira kwa njira zolondola zamayendedwe kumafunika kwambiri.

Mwachidule, MEMS IMU yochita bwino kwambiri ikuyembekezeka kukhala njira yotsatira pakuyendetsa galimoto. Ubwino wawo pakukhazikika, kukhazikika komanso kuphatikizika kwa sensor zimawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira kwambiri pakuyendetsa bwino komanso kuyendetsa bwino magalimoto odziyimira pawokha. Pamene msika wamaukadaulo uku ukukulirakulira, udindo wa IMU ungowonekera, kulimbitsa udindo wake ngati mwala wapangodya wa chilengedwe chodziyendetsa chodziyimira pawokha.